Yes, but not with every contract: many legal protection policies require a residence in Germany and end with permanent relocation abroad. Quite a few insurers refuse new contracts from abroad.
There are three routes: first, an existing contract may continue for a limited time or be adapted, depending on its terms – be sure to clarify this before de-registering. Second, individual insurers offer special policies for Germans abroad, usually focused on disputes before German courts (rented-out property, pensions, contracts). Third, a local policy in your country of residence covers the conflicts there. Timing matters because of waiting periods of often three months. The complete strategy is in the guide Legal Protection Without German Residence.